What happens to solid fuels when they undergo pyrolysis?

When solid fuels undergo pyrolysis, they experience a thermal decomposition process in the absence of oxygen. This means that the solid material breaks down chemically into smaller molecules as it is subjected to high temperatures. The organic components of the solid fuel, such as cellulose, lignin, and other hydrocarbons, undergo significant structural changes during this process, producing gases, liquids, and char.

This breakdown is crucial in the context of combustion and firefighting, as it leads to the formation of flammable gases that can ignite when sufficient heat is applied or when mixed with oxygen. Pyrolysis is a key stage in the burning process, particularly for solid fuels, as it determines how easily and quickly these materials can catch fire once they are sufficiently heated. Understanding pyrolysis helps in both fire prevention and firefighting strategies, as managing the conditions around solid fuels can influence fire behavior significantly.